Traces Écrites

Marie-Louise of Habsburg-Lorraine or Marie-Louise of Austria, Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary and Bohemia, was Empress of the French from 1810 to 1814, then Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla until 1847.

The eldest daughter of Emperor Francis I^of Austria, she was given Iⁱⁿ marriage in 1810 to the Emperor of the French and King of Italy Napoleon to seal the Treaty of Schönbrunn between France and Austria, after the latter's defeat at the Battle of Wagram in 1809.

Duke of Modena and Reggio. Powerful Italian military leader. Velasquez painted his portrait and Bernini immortalized him in a bust.

French military officer, fourth Marshal of France from the Harcourt family.

French general of the Revolution and the Empire, he died from wounds received at the Battle of Eylau.

Known as "the bastard of Orléans", military leader during the Hundred Years' War and companion-in-arms of Joan of Arc during the lifting of the siege of Orléans (1429). Natural son of Louis I^of Orléans.

Daughter of Gaston d'Orléans and Marie de Bourbon and granddaughter of King Henry IV, she was the first cousin of Louis XIV. She was Duchess of Montpensier, Dauphine of Auvergne, Countess of Eu and Mortain and Princess of Joinville and Dombes.